英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
英語(yǔ)對(duì)于現(xiàn)在的中國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)已經(jīng)成為了一種重要的語(yǔ)言。英語(yǔ)作為一種語(yǔ)言,本身就是一個(gè)系統(tǒng),需要靠英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法來(lái)規(guī)范,接下來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理了英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)，一起來(lái)看看吧。
英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)：特殊句型
there be 句型，be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)
1. Be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示打算，準(zhǔn)備，計(jì)劃做某事
結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+going to +動(dòng)詞原型
I am going to make a bookcase.
They are going to paint it.
The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.
變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首
Are you going to make a bookcase?
Are they going to paint it?
Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?
變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加not
I am not going to make a bookcase.
They are going to paint it.
The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.
肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Yes, they are. No, they are not.
Yes, he is. No, he is not.
特殊疑問(wèn)句
What are you going to do?
What are they going to do?
What is the father going to do?
2. There be 句型：表示哪里有什么東西(某處有某物)
There is+單數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)
There is a book in this room.
There is a pen on the table
There are+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)
There are two pens on the table.
There are three schools there.
變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首
Is there a book in this room?
Are there two pens on the table?
變否定句在動(dòng)詞后面加not
There is not a book in this room.
There are not two pens on the table.
肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, there is. No, there is not.
Yes, there are. No, there are not.
英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)：選擇疑問(wèn)句
選擇疑問(wèn)句：是指提出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上可能的答案供對(duì)方選擇的句式
一種是以一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式為基礎(chǔ)，只是在語(yǔ)調(diào)上有所區(qū)別。
例如：Would you like coffee or tea?
這一類選擇疑問(wèn)句通常都是在前一個(gè)供選擇的答案用低升調(diào)，后一個(gè)用降調(diào);如果有兩個(gè)以上供選擇的答案，則在最后一個(gè)用降調(diào)，其余都用低升調(diào)。
例如：
Would you like a gin，or a whisky，or a `beer?
你是要喝杜松子酒，還是威士忌酒，還是啤酒?
這種語(yǔ)調(diào)上的特征往往是區(qū)別選擇疑問(wèn)句和一般疑問(wèn)句的重要標(biāo)志。試比較：
Shall we leave at six or `seven?
我們是 6 點(diǎn)動(dòng)身還是 7點(diǎn)動(dòng)身?
Shall we leave at six or seven?
我們?cè)?，7點(diǎn)鐘動(dòng)身好嗎?
上述第一例是選擇疑問(wèn)句，其答案只能是兩者之一。
We shall leave at six/seven.我們將在6點(diǎn)/7點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。
上述第二例是一般疑問(wèn)句，它的答案只是 yes/no，而且并不肯定是6點(diǎn)或7點(diǎn)，甚至可能既不是6點(diǎn)，也不是7點(diǎn)：
Yes，we shall leave at six or seven.是的，我們將在 6， 7點(diǎn)鐘動(dòng)身。
No.We must leave earlier.不。我們必須早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。
另一種選擇疑問(wèn)句是以特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式為基礎(chǔ)的，也是在語(yǔ)調(diào)上有所區(qū)別。
例如：Which vase shall I use, the short one or the tall one ? The tall one.
在選擇疑問(wèn)句中的冠詞用法。
Is she a housewife or a nurse?(她是一個(gè)家庭主婦還是護(hù)士?)
其中，or后的不定冠詞a/an 不能省略。
英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)：特殊疑問(wèn)句
特殊疑問(wèn)句：以特殊疑問(wèn)詞開(kāi)頭，對(duì)句中某一成分提問(wèn)的句子。
常用的疑問(wèn)詞有：what who whose which when where how why等。
可先分為3種:
疑問(wèn)代詞：what，who，which，whose，whom
疑問(wèn)副詞：when，where，why，how
疑問(wèn)形容詞：what(which，whose)+名詞
特殊疑問(wèn)句有兩種語(yǔ)序
1.如疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)，即對(duì)主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)提問(wèn)，其語(yǔ)序是陳述句的語(yǔ)序：
疑問(wèn)詞(+主語(yǔ))+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其他成分。
如:Who is singing in the room﹖ whose bike is broken﹖
2.如疑問(wèn)詞作其他成分，即對(duì)其他成分提問(wèn)，其語(yǔ)序是：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序? 如:What class are you in﹖
What does she look like﹖
Where are you from﹖
What time does he get up every morning﹖
How do you know﹖
注意：
1.回答特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，不能用yes / no，即問(wèn)什么答什么，尤其是簡(jiǎn)略回答。如：
Who is from Canada﹖ Helen (is).
Where's the restaurant﹖ Near the station.
Why do you like koalas﹖ Because they are cute.
2.特殊疑問(wèn)句一般讀降調(diào)(↓)。
特殊疑問(wèn)詞
Who誰(shuí)——Whose誰(shuí)的(加se)
Why為什么
When什么時(shí)候
Where在哪里
Which哪一個(gè)
What什么 ( What time什么時(shí)間 What colour什么顏色)
How怎么樣
How many多少{數(shù)量}
How much多少錢{價(jià)格}，
多少(對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn))
How long多長(zhǎng)
How often多少次
How big多大
How heavy多重{重量}
How far多遠(yuǎn){路程}
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